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The type of test being described is the dielectric withstand voltage test. This test is conducted with the circuit breaker closed and the poles grounded to ensure that the insulation of the equipment can withstand the specified high voltage without breaking down.

In this scenario, the closed circuit breaker allows for the application of voltage across the phases while still maintaining a safe operation by grounding the poles. This procedure helps identify any weaknesses in the insulation that could lead to failure during normal operation. By employing this method, operators can confirm the integrity of the insulation under conditions that simulate operational stress, ensuring safety and reliability in power distribution.

Other testing methods also play an important role in assessing various aspects of electrical equipment, such as measuring resistance or evaluating insulation performance under different conditions, but they do not involve assessing the ability of insulation to withstand high voltages directly as the dielectric withstand voltage test does.